THE VICTORY DAY
The Great Patriotic War - the war between the USSR and Germany (the Third Reich) and its allies in 1941-1945. Part of the Second World War, the name was given and spread in the USSR by analogy with the Patriotic War of 1812.
The course of the war.
The battle for Moscow. At the end of September 1941, the fascists overcame the resistance of the Soviet troops in the Smolensk battle and decided to advance on Moscow. At the end of the year, the Nazis were closer to Moscow, in November Klin was taken, a month later they left for Kashira, but the Red Army counter-attacked and the Nazi troops withdrew from the city, which was a surprise for them.
Defense of Sevastopol. In the first days of the war, the city was raided by German aviation, which managed to be repelled. In October 1941, Sevastopol was in a state of siege and the second defense of the city began. It lasted 250 days, but the city remained under German occupation and Sevastopol courageously fought for freedom until May 9, 1944.
Leningrad blockade. Was spent to master the city. His capture the Germans attached strategic importance, they took the city izmorom, thinking that the inhabitants of Leningrad will die of hunger. In late 1941 - early 1942, the Soviet army organized the "Road of Life", which evacuated the population. Completely the blockade was removed only in January 1944.
The Battle of Stalingrad (July 17, 1942-2 February 1943). In April 1942, the Führer issued a plan for an attack on the oil-bearing regions near the Volga. To protect Stalingrad, a front was formed, headed by Marshal Timoshenko. Before the offensive, the German army intensified many times. August 19 becomes a black day of battle: the army Paulus came to the Volga. A month later, a struggle begins for the city and later the command of the Red Army surrounds the Nazis who will surrender, thereby the USSR won the battle.
Forcing the Dnieper. In August-September 1943, the Soviet army launched a struggle for the liberation of Donbass, as a result of which German troops were defeated in the Donbas and Left Bank Ukraine, and 23 bridgeheads were captured. At the second stage of the battle for the Dnieper, 38,000 settlements were liberated. The Battle of Kursk. The German offensive, another attempt to win. July 5, 1943 on positions of the Wehrmacht was dealt a warning blow. A week later, a Soviet operation began on an offensive against the Germans. The Kursk battle lasted 49 days and ended with the defeat of the German troops.
Results.
The war ended on May 9, 1945 unconditional surrender of the Nazi army. Europe was saved from Nazism thanks to the forces of the anti-Hitler coalition, which apart from the USSR included the United States, Great Britain, France, as well as some liberated countries that would soon become part of the socialist camp. As a result of the Second World War, about 30 million people were killed and a part of the country's national wealth was destroyed.
What was destroyed.
In the USSR under occupation, 31,850 factories, factories and other industrial enterprises were completely or partially destroyed, apart from small enterprises and workshops, 1,876 state farms, 2,890 machine and tractor stations, 98,000 collective farms, 21,600 stores, canteens , restaurants and other trade enterprises, 4,100 railway stations, 36,000 postal and telegraph offices, telephone stations, radio stations and other communication enterprises, 6,000 hospitals, 33,000 polyclinics, dispensaries and dispensaries, 976 sanatoriums and 656 rest homes, 8 2 000 primary and secondary schools, 1,520 special educational institutions - technical schools, 334 higher educational institutions, 605 research institutes and other scientific institutions, 427 museums, 43,000 public libraries and 167 theaters.
This year we celebrate the 73rd anniversary of the Great Patriotic War.
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